Be Breast Aware

by Dr. Suzanne Bober

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women, and the best time to treat it is in the early stages. The best protection against breast cancer is early detection. As October is Breast Cancer Awareness month, I feel that it is important to outline the steps of performing a breast self-exam.

Women 20 years of age and older should be performing monthly breast self-examinations.  The exam should be performed a few days after menstruation has finished, as the breasts are not tender during this time. During menopause and beyond, the exam should be performed the same day each month.

Stand before a mirror and compare both breasts for differences in size, nipple inversion (turning in), bulging, or dimpling.  Note any skin or nipple changes, such as a hard knot or nipple discharge.  Inspect the breasts in the following positions: with the arms at the sides; with the arms overhead; with the hands on the hips pressing firmly to flex the chest muscles; and bent forward.  In these positions the pectoral muscles are contracted, and a subtle dimpling of the skin may appear if a growing tumor has affected a ligament.

To palpate the breast tissue for masses, lie down with a pillow under the shoulder blade of the side being examined.  Put the arm on the same side above the head, and check the breast with the finger pads of the opposite hand.  Use small circles in an up-and-down pattern.  Make sure to use light, medium, and firm pressure over each area of the breast.  Palpate the breast with the surfaces of the second, third, and fourth fingers, moving systematically and using small, circular motions from the nipple to the outer margins.  Repeat these steps on the other breast with the opposite hand.

These steps can also be performed standing in the shower, as some women find it easier to locate breast masses when the skin is wet.

The good news is that 80% of all lumps found are actually normal breast tissue, benign (non-cancerous) masses.  However, if you notice a change in breast tissue, don’t wait.  See your health care provider immediately. 

Remember, the best protection is early detection.  Start getting in the habit today of performing regular breast self-exams, and share this article with the other women in your life.  You could be saving their lives.

Sources: breastcancer.org and the Canadian Breast Cancer Association.

Image courtesy Microsoft Office.